Ever savoured a cup of Earl Grey and wondered about its distinct, uplifting citrusy aroma? The secret behind this classic brew is bergamot, a fragrant citrus fruit that has captivated tea drinkers for centuries. This humble fruit, with its complex flavour and storied past, transforms a simple cup of tea into an aromatic experience.
What Exactly is Bergamot?
Bergamot (Citrus bergamia) is a fragrant citrus fruit about the size of an orange, with a yellow or green colour similar to a lime. It’s believed to be a hybrid of a lemon and a bitter orange. Primarily cultivated in the sunny coastal region of Calabria in Southern Italy, this fruit is not typically eaten fresh due to its intensely sour and bitter taste. Instead, it’s prized for the essential oil extracted from its rind, a key ingredient in perfumes, aromatherapy, and, most famously, tea. The name itself is thought to derive from the Turkish “beg-armudi,” meaning “The Prince’s Pear.”
The unique aroma and flavour of bergamot oil come from a complex blend of chemical compounds. The most prominent are limonene, which provides a characteristic citrusy, sweet, and slightly bitter note, and linalyl acetate, which imparts a pleasant, fruity, and floral aroma with a hint of mint. Linalool also contributes a light, fresh, lavender-like scent. Together, these create a sophisticated profile that is zesty, floral, and subtly spicy.
This distinctive profile is what makes bergamot the perfect companion to black tea, especially in the creation of Earl Grey. When infused with bold Ceylon or other robust black teas, bergamot oil enhances the tea’s natural depth while adding a refreshing brightness. The result is a well-balanced cup that’s both invigorating and soothing—ideal for morning clarity or afternoon calm. Beyond its taste, bergamot is also known for its mood-lifting properties, making Earl Grey not just a flavourful choice but a comforting ritual for many tea lovers around the world.
